Sunday, December 29, 2019

The Utopian Views Of Plato And Platos Political State

Philosophers are all known for questioning and exploring Ideals; taking a look at all options and what is most important. While Aristotle and Plato both take a plunge into the unknowns of a political state, Aristotle demonstrates a state for individuals, to rule as equals, contrary to Plato’s strict utopian structure and group over individual hierarchy view of the ideal state. Plato’s ideal state is strictly structured through a utopian ideal. Everything within Plato’s ideal state has a place and purpose, and everyone within it is aware of that. While the state works for the people as a whole instead of individual, Plato also proposes the idea of propaganda to mold even the lowest of his utopia into model citizens for the state. Plato’s†¦show more content†¦The system of Aristotle’s logical explanations against Plato’s theory of forms, were made through observations of the physical world. Aristotle unlike Plato trusted the senses as a tool to judge reality. He found Plato’s theory of forms defective, for he thought true reality contained concrete objects that one perceived through the senses. To oppose Plato’s theory, Aristotle created his doctrine of categories. Both philosophers were almost exact opposites. Nonetheless, certain aspects of Aristotle’s and Plato’s philosophy were quite similar. Both philosophers believed that the heavens possessed a divine, perfect geometry. The celestial realm was ordained to be mathematically precise in its order. Aristotle and Plato were in agreement in certain areas of astronomy and the supreme Form. Through the observations of Plato and Aristotle, one will find that both men perceived the heavens to be the realm of the gods. The perspective of the gods being present in heavenly bodies was an idea present in platonic times. The cosmos where also viewed by both philosophers as logically designed. The cosmos were inevitable to the human mind. Plato and Aristotle believed that everything had a telos or an inner purpose an object is meant to attain. Plato thought that the creator of the cosmos had a supreme intelligence. Aristotle agreed on Plato’s perspective that there was aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Aristotle and Platos Thoughts Essay985 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant. While Aristotle and Plato both take a plunge into the unknowns of a political state, Aristotle demonstrates a state for individuals, to rule as equals, contrary to Plato’s strict utopian structure and group over individual hierarchy view of the ideal state. Plato’s ideal state is strictly structured through a utopian ideal. Everything within Plato’s ideal state has a place and purpose, and everyone within it is aware of that. While the state works for the people as a wholeRead MoreThe Republic By Plato Vs. Plato1299 Words   |  6 PagesThe Republic by Plato is an vision of an utopian society established through the character of Socrates. Many aspects of Plato’s society appears utopian; however, it can also be viewed dystopian as it is mere subjectiveness. Many of Plato’s arguments apply to current day society; for example, Donald Trump’s rise to power depicts democracy degenerating to despotism. Plato’s Republic is utopian in idealistic terms because the most qualified individual is in charge of society who is able to extend hisRead MorePlato s Interpretation Of Utopia1630 Words   |  7 PagesPlato and Aristotle shared many differences despite also sharing a teacher student rela tionship. This essay will strive to establish their understandings of reason and the role reason plays in their comprehensions of politics, differentiating between the kinds of reason and politics produced as a result. Plato is regarded as the first writer of political philosophy while Aristotle is recognised as the first political scientist. Plato’s interpretation of Utopia is founded upon the existence of threeRead MoreComparing The Political Theories Of Two Philosophers1444 Words   |  6 PagesDominic Bressi Prof. Catherine Chaput CH 201 15 October 2014 When comparing the political theories of two renowned philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle, one must first focus on the merits of each of their own theories in depth. Plato is often considered as the first writer of political philosophy while Aristotle is considered the first political scientist. Though Aristotle was once a student of Plato, the two differ on the topic of how to best improve society for the benefit of mankind. ThusRead More Literary Utopian Societies Essays1747 Words   |  7 Pages Literary Utopian Societies â€Å"The vision of one century is often the reality of the next†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Nelson 108). Throughout time, great minds have constructed their own visions of utopia. Through the study of utopias, one finds that these â€Å"perfect† societies have many flaws. For example, most utopias tend to have an authoritarian nature (Manuel 3). Also, another obvious imperfection found in the majority of utopias is that of a faulty social class system (Thomas 94). But one must realized that the flawsRead MoreGuthrie Essay 854 Words   |  4 Pagesphilosopher, Plato for example, this equation may be further analyzed. The first variable, temperament, is shown by Plato’s personality and interests, such as his concern for politics depicted in Plato’s Republic. The next, experience, explains why Plato has fixations with the ideas he possesses and the final piece to the equation, previous philosophers, is self-explanatory that earlier thinkers, like Socrates, become significant influences. As stated in Guthrie’s The Greek Philosophers, Plato had twoRead MorePlatos The Republic1054 Words   |  4 Pages In Plato’s The Republic, the theory of appointing a ruling class is a major aspect in his political theory of a just state. As communicated through Socrates, Plato believed in the appointment of only a few citizens of the just city that possess a soul that craves all truth, knowledge, wisdom, and through proper education are competent enough to rule the just state and to decide on legislative policies. In my paper, I will be arguing against Plato’s political theory of who is best fit to be chosenRead More Plato Essay example1737 Words   |  7 Pages Philosopher. According to sources, Plato was born on or around May 21, 427 (or 428) B.C. in Athens, the son of Ariston and Perictione, both of Athenian aristocratic ancestry. He lived his whole life in Athens, although he traveled to Sicily and southern Italy on several occasions, and one story says he traveled to Egypt. Little is known of his early years, but he was given the finest education Athens had to offer the scio ns of its noble families, and he devoted his considerable talents to politicsRead More Plato vs Aristotle Essay1835 Words   |  8 Pageslived. First there was Plato and then Aristotle. Aristotle was a pupil of Plato. Despite being taught by Plato they had different theories and views. Their ethics were very typical and traditional of ancient Greece but Aristotle detailed virtue ethics and the path to happiness. Plato’s political theories for a utopian society varied from Aristotle’s view of ‘best state for each society’. Their metaphysical theories are complete opposites and very contradicting. Even though Plato and Aristotle came fromRead MoreLiberty And Freedom : Plato s View Of A Perfect Utopian State977 Words   |  4 Pages Liberty and Freedom: Plato The early philosopher Plato would not approve of today’s democracy in the United States. He envisions a time and state where all people are controlled by government. The people are to live â€Å"the good life† with luxurious and wealth, but have no political power. Plato’s views of a â€Å"perfect utopian state† would require removing authority from the people and allowing the philosopher officials to rule. In the writings of The Republic, Plato discusses his ideal of what he believes

Saturday, December 21, 2019

The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay - 923 Words

Though never forced to don a branding like the letter â€Å"A† in The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, people in modern society are always remembered along with their act of wrongdoing. However, the subjects of the public judgement may not see their choices as immoral. People shame for a difference in beliefs and morals. For instance, Kim Kardashian, a popular reality TV star attained her own personal fame by making a sex tape with rapper Ray J, and, consequently, was shamed in the headlines. Despite the bashing, Kim did not see why her act was deemed shameful. Kim acts as a modern day Hester Prynne because she underwent the same humiliation from her society. Born on October 21, 1980, in Beverly Hills, California, Kim Kardashian West models and is a reality television star, entrepreneur and socialite. The second of four children born to Robert Kardashian and his first wife, Kris, her fame began because of her father, a close friend and defense attorney of football star O.J. Simpson. The most influential part of her claim to fame, however, would be that intercourse tape made with her famous ex boyfriend, actor Ray J. From the moment the video was divulged, the public kept a close eye on her. Hester Prynne’s story doesn’t share too many differences from that, being a young woman who committed infidelity and made a child out of wedlock with a man later recognized as the minister, Arthur Dimmesdale. The actions made didn’t go ignored, though, and Kim and Hester were givenShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, Roger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

Friday, December 13, 2019

Calculating Ankle Joint Angular Kinematics Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Kinematic information was obtained at 350Hz via an eight camera gesture analysis system as participants ran at 4.0ms-1+5 % , angles were created utilizing the coiling method and about XYZ, ZXY, XZY, YXZ, YZX and YXZ rotary motion cardan sequences. The consequences indicate that important scope of gesture chief effects were observed for the coronal and cross plane. We will write a custom essay sample on Calculating Ankle Joint Angular Kinematics Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Furthermore, it was besides observed that extremum angle chief effects were found for the coronal and cross planes. Post-hoc analyses revealed that ROM and extremum values utilizing the YXZ sequence and extremum values utilizing the ZXY sequence were significantly greater than the others. A popular method of quantifying the angular place of a stiff dynamic frame with regard to a mention frame is via the use of independent angles known normally as cardan or Euler angles ( Schace et al. , 2001 ) . Cardan/Euler rotary motions are obtained by agencies of an order sequence of rotary motions ( Schace et al. , 2001 ) . Rotations are considered to happen about the axis of the section co-ordniate system. For illustration during an XYZ cardan sequence of rotary motions, the section is rotated about the X axes by an angle A, so rotates about a revolved Y ‘ by an angle B and so eventually rotated about a twice rotated Z † axes by an angle C ( Scahce et al. , 2001 ) . For a given gesture, different cardan sequences can act upon the angular computations ( Cole et al. , 1993 ) . The International Society of Biomechanics ( ISB ) recommends that joint angles be calculated utilizing an XYZ sequence of rotary motions ( Wu and Cavanagh 1995 ) . However, the big sum of sagittal plane gesture during pace can encroach on the representation of motions outside the sagittal plane ( transverse talk ) , ensuing in greater than expected coronal/transverse plane articulation profiles ( Thewlis et al. , 2008 ) . As such it has been proposed that the XYZ sequence when applied to rotary motions outside the sagittal plane may non be the most appropriate method. A choice figure of probes have examined the influence that changing the sequence of rotary motions has on the representation of segmental kinematics ( Schace et al. , 2001, Kavaduna et al. , 2000, Tupling and Pierrynowski 1987 and Thewlis et al. , 2008 ) . However none of these probes have focused on the consequence that changing the sequence may hold on ankle joint kinematics. In add-on to the normally used method of Cardan angles, coiling angles ( Woltring et al. , 1985 ) can besides be used to depict joint gesture when projected on to a plane. The coiling method from a mention place is described in footings of rotary motion about and interlingual rendition along a individual line or axis in infinite ( Robertson et al. , 2004 ) . The ankle articulation plays a cardinal function in the stance stage pace rhythm. In combination with the hip and articulatio genus articulations the mortise joint facilitates motive power and transmits forces and minutes during the stance stage when the pes is regarded as the interface of the human locomotor system with the environment. Therefore, motion of the mortise joint is an of import constituent of pace mechanics and as such the right reading of its motion is indispensable in kinematic analyses. This survey investigated the influence of the coiling method every bit good as the 6 available cardan sequences on ankle joint kinematics in the sagittal, coronal and cross planes. Method Participants Eleven male participants volunteered to take portion in this probe ( age 19 + 1 old ages ; Height 176.5 + 5.2 centimeter ; Mass 78.4 + 9.0 kilogram ) . All were injury free at the clip of informations aggregation and completed an informed consent signifier. Ethical blessing for this undertaking was obtained from the School of Psychology moralss commission, University of Central Lancashire and each participant provided verbal consent. A statistical power analysis of pilot informations was conducted in order to cut down the likeliness of a type II mistake and find the minimal figure participants needed for this probe. It was found that the sample size was sufficient to supply more than 70 % statistical power in the experimental step. Procedure An eight camera gesture analysis system ( Qualisys Medical AB, Goteburg, Sweden ) captured kinematic informations at 350Hz from each participant running at 4.0ms-1. Velocity was controlled utilizing infrared photoelectric cells Newtest 300 ( Newtest, Oy Koulukatu 31 B 11 90100 Oulu Finland ) , a maximal divergence of + 5 % from the in agreement speed was allowed. Participants ran over a force platform ( Kistler, Kistler Instruments Ltd. , Alton, Hampshire, UK ; Model 9281CA ) , stance clip was determined as the clip over which 20N or greater of perpendicular force was applied to the force platform. The marker set used for the survey was based on the CAST technique ( Cappozo et al. , ( 1995 ) . Retro-reflective markers were attached to the 1st and 5th metatarsal caputs, median and sidelong maleoli, median and sidelong epicondyle of the thighbone, with a tracking bunch positioned on the right shank. A inactive test was captured to specify the pes and tibial sections. Kinematic parametric quantities were quantified utilizing Ocular 3-D ( C-Motion Inc, Gaithersburg, USA ) and filtered utilizing at 6 Hz utilizing a zero-lag low base on balls Butterworth 4th order filter following insertion with a maximal spread fill of 10 frames. Five tests of ankle joint rotary motion during stance were averaged for each participant. Angles were created about an XYZ, ZXY, XZY, YXZ, YZX and YXZ rotary motion cardan sequence referenced to organize systems about the proximal terminal of the section, where Ten is flexion-extension ; Y is ab-adduction and is Z is internal-external rotary motion. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics including agencies and standard divergences were calculated for each status. Differences in stance stage kinematic variables were examined utilizing perennial steps ANOVA ‘s with significance accepted at the P A ; lt ; 0.05 degree. The Mauchly ‘s sphericalness premise was violated in all instances and as such the grades of freedom of the F statistic were adjusted via the Greenhouse Geisser rectification. The Shapiro-wilk statistic for each status confirmed that the informations were usually distributed. Appropriate post-hoc analyses were conducted utilizing a Bonferroni rectification to command for type I error. Effect sizes were calculated utilizing an Eta2. Cohen ‘s suggestion sing effects sizes was observed ( little R A ; lt ; 0.3 ; medium R A ; gt ; 0.3 and A ; lt ; 0.5 ; big A ; gt ; 0.5. All statistical processs were conducted utilizing SPSS 17.0. Consequence Tables 1 and 2 present scopes of gesture and peak angles observed in all three planes of rotary motion as a map of cardan sequence. Table1: Mean ( and standard divergence ) scope of gesture ( deg ) for each rotary motion as a map of cardan sequence ( * = important chief consequence ) n=11. Ten Yttrium Omega XYZ 27.94 + 10.34 5.62 + 3.86 4.67 + 3,21 XZY 26.75 + 11.35 5.29 + 5.13 5.88 + 4.52 YXZ 25.67 + 11.45 17.04 + 11.95 15.22 + 10.45 YZX 26.51 + 11.37 6.86 + 5.83 4.08 + 2.04 ZXY 26.38 + 10.12 15.96 + 27.51 28.78 + 11.73 ZYX 24.52 + 12.17 6.16 + 6.47 4.09 + 2.17 Coiling 25.45+8.64 5.26 + 6233 5.08 + 2.72 Main Effect * * Table 2: Mean ( and standard divergence extremum values ) ( deg ) for each rotary motion as a map of cardan sequence ( * = important chief consequence ) n=11. Ten Yttrium Omega XYZ -87.65 + 3.83 -11.04 + 5.48 -2.14 + 4.53 XZY -87.70 + 3.57 -11.15 + 5.46 0.21 + 4.78 YXZ -84.07 + 5.05 -68.25 + 24.29 -71.01 + 20.91 YZX -87.64 + 3.68 1.00 + 4.97 -11.71 + 4.80 ZXY -87.7 + 3.66 1.07 + 20.47 -1.42 + 13.41 ZYX -84.6 + 3.75 -3.18 + 4.88 -11.78 + 4.81 Coiling -87.75 + 2.40 -7.40 + 7.68 -11.91 + 3.27 Main Effect * * The consequences indicate that important scope of gesture chief effects were observed for the coronal F ( 1.85, 16.66 ) = 10.04, P A ; lt ; 0.05, eta2= 0.53 and cross plane F ( 2.04, 18.39 ) =21.91, P A ; lt ; 0.05, eta2=0.71. Post-hoc analyses revealed that both coronal and cross plane ROM utilizing the YXZ and ZXY sequences was significantly greater than the others. Furthermore, it was besides observed that extremum angle chief effects were found for the coronal F ( 2.28, 20.48 ) = 82.99, P A ; lt ; 0.05, eta2=0.90 and transverse planes F ( 2.08, 18.72 ) = 80.49, P A ; lt ; 0.05, eta2= 0.90. Post-hoc analyses revealed that peak coronal and cross plane angles utilizing the YXZ sequence were significantly greater than the others. Figure 1: Ankle joint kinematics in the sagittal, coronal and cross planes as a map of cardan sequence ( XYZ= black, XZY= red, YXZ=yellow, YZX=blue, ZXY= cyan, ZYX=green and Helical =purple. Discussion Euler/Cardan angles are used extensively within the Fieldss of clinical and sport biomechanics. However, the consequence of changing the sequence of rotary motions has yet to be investigated with regard to the ankle articulation composite. The consequences indicate that changing the sequence of rotary motions when detecting kinematics in the sagittal plane has no important affect on joint scope of gesture parametric quantities. This is unsurprising given the laterality of sagittal plane gesture at the mortise joint during pace. Leading to the decision that choosing the appropriate sequence of rotary motions is non an issue when look intoing kinematics in the sagittal plane. However, for the coronal and cross planes a important consequence was found in footings of both the scope of gesture and peak angle observed during the stance stage. The consequences of this survey with regard to the mortise joint articulation found that the ZXY and YXZ sequences significantly affected ankle joint kinematics bring forthing highly big values for both scope of gesture and peak angles. The mistake associated with these sequences is such that the kinematic estimations are anatomically unrealistic. It is interesting to observe that the two combinations which were observed to be significantly different from the others ( YXZ and ZXY ) each had X 2nd in the order of rotary motions. This was the instance even when the principal axis under probe is placed foremost ( i.e. ZXY when detecting transverse plane rotary motion and YXZ when detecting coronal plane rotary motion ) , where one would presume that the comparative orientation could non be affected by the grade of sagittal plane gesture holding been placed after it in the sequence. It appears based on these consequences that the ISB recommendations are appropriate for the representation of ankle joint kinematics and as such its usage is encouraged, as it will let comparing of future research trying to quantify ankle joint gesture performed by different research workers. In add-on the consequences suggest that the YXZ and ZXY sequences produce the greatest mistake and therefore the use of these sequences to quantify ankle gesture outside the sagittal plane is strongly discouraged. This survey emphasizes the demand for methods leting joint kinematics to be measured accurately. Therefore, guaranting joint map is represented right. How to cite Calculating Ankle Joint Angular Kinematics Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Example For Students

Theorectical Bases For Counseling Essay Five major theoretical bases for counseling in psychology are biological, learning, cognitive, psychodynamic, and sociocultural. Each one of these perspectives searches for answers about behavior through different techniques and researching a clients childhood or adult life experiences looking for answers to different kinds of questions. Due to the different types and styles of counseling approaches, each counselor forms their own thoughts and explanations. The premise behind the biological perspective in psychology is that all actions, feelings, and thoughts are associated with different events in a persons life. Biological psychologists examine how the electrical impulses, hormones, and chemicals flowing through the body can affect behavior. Physocologists are concerned with how the aspects of biology effect peoples emotions and their perception of events. Many of the important findings in psychology from the behavioral theory later evolving into the social learning theory or cognitive social learning theory. Behavior therapists used to believe that actions were responses to stimuli that were learned. This concept led to a broadening of psychology. Many groups that were often overlooked by psychologists until behavior therapy became the dominant school of psychology in the U.S. after the 1960s. The cognitive perspective of psychology focuses on the thought process. Psychologists from this school argue that it is necessary to know what is going on in the mind to fully understand why a person will do the things that they do. The reason for cognitive psychology is to understand how perceptions and interpretations relate to behavior. Why some people turn to violence when insulted while another person will not. Many critics of the psychodynamic therapy do not believe psychodynamic theories have any bearing on psychology. Based upon the fact that many of the psychoanalysis assumptions could not be verified. Research psychologists were more related to philosophy rather than clinical science. Though not as scientific as the other theories the psychodynamic theory is still associated with psychology. The sociocultural perspective concentrates on an individuals culture or society rather than the individual. To understand why people show certain behavior traits. Psychologists look at what effects the persons community and how other people affect a person. These five theoretical bases are similar because they all try to determine what causes a person to be how they are. If I were to do counseling, I think I would like to become a behavior therapist. I am fascinated by what makes a person what they are, and why does a person do what they do? Where do personalities come from? It is said that personality does come from a specific point in a persons childhood, and from there it continues to grow. A counselor must first look at certain assumptions that are commonly made when developing a behavioral theory. The first of these assumptions concerns whether one believes that the behaviors, type of action, a person exhibits are produced by choices and decisions made beyond a clients own control. Everyone has the power to choose their actions no matter of the influence of heredity and environment. A persons actions are not predetermined. Someone who grew up in an abusive and alcoholic family may as an adult become abusive and alcohol dependant. But it can be assumed that people have free will. There is always the option for a person to make his or her own decisions. When our class went to visit a C.A. P.S. rehabilitation house last month, I was able to talk to some of the people that lived there and I learned that each of them did make their own choices. I also learned that they are using their ability to change their choices to better themselves and their environments. I was amazed to see that the people that lived there were people just like me. The difference is they chose to make different choices than I did. .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .postImageUrl , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:hover , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:visited , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:active { border:0!important; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:active , .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769 .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff8199f2add741d5d518acc076d86769:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Farrington's Character Analysis from Joyce's Counterparts Essay Some chose drugs, alcohol and crime. Some made all of these choices and some didnt. I do feel that some choices are learning experiences that can give a person the choice to do better or worse. .

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Benjamin Franklin as a Self Made Man essays

Benjamin Franklin as a Self Made Man essays As a young man, Benjamin Franklin knew poverty. His family had little money, and he helped in his father's candle and soap factory by the time he was ten. Young Franklin had little formal schooling. He remembered, "I continued, however, at the grammar-school not quite one year, though in that time I had risen gradually from the middle of the class of that year to be the head of it" (Franklin 3). He loved to read, and this was one of the things that led him to eventual success. He wrote, "From a child I was fond of reading, and all the little money that came into my hands was ever laid out in books" (Franklin 5). His rise to fame and fortune is quite amazing when considering his beginnings, which were quite humble. His father apprenticed him to his brother James when Franklin was only twelve; so much of his early life was spent laboring, rather than learning. This makes his later years even more amazing, when he was known for his wit and writings. By the time he was sixteen, he was writing anonymous essays for his brother's newspaper, and his writing was already becoming popular with readers. One historian wrote, "Virtually all of his writing arose from particular circumstances, served an immediate purpose, and had a deliberate intent. If we may judge from the abundant written remains, his thought and philosophy grew hand in hand with the full life he led" (Ketcham 4). Eventually, young Benjamin took over the paper from his brother, but his writings were so controversial that it did not succeed. He noted, "During my brother's confinement, [] notwithstanding our private differences, I had the management of the paper; and I made bold to give our rulers some rubs in it (Franklin 9). At the age of seventeen, he left Boston and traveled to Philadelphia, where he really began to make a name for himself, but struggled with poverty and positions. Throughout all hi...

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Free Essays on Federalist Papers

The Federalist Papers Alexander Hamilton wanted to help the ratification of the ‘new’ Constitution, in 1787, so he decided that he would write and publish articles in order to explain the concepts of this Constitution. James Madison and John Jay were two other contributors that Hamilton added to help defend the new Constitution by writing articles as well. Although they are not part of the Constitution or legal documents, The Federalists Papers gained much popularity in the midst of the ratification of the Constitution. However, the ratification occurred with a small influence from these arguments. These Papers have been very important in American history because of the vital and genuine explanation of the Constitution. The Publius, pseudonym for the writers, describes certain concepts that were considered very crucial to the government. These concepts consisted of human lives, interests, federalism, and separation of powers. The Federalist Papers are best interpreted and understood through a republican argument and republican guidelines than those of democracy or other conflicting views. What are the concepts of a republic or republican argument? The Federalist No. 39 goes on to define the concept of a republic as a â€Å"government which derives all its power directly or indirectly from the great body of people, and is administered by persons holding their offices during pleasure, for a limited period, or during good behavior.† This same paper goes on to say â€Å"it is sufficient for such a government that the persons administering it be appointed, either directly or indirectly, by the people; and that they hold their appointments by either of tenures just specified† (Madison No. 39). These are some of the specific arguments made by Madison in a republican mannerism. No. 39 also describes how many officials in the government are to be elected in a republics as well as their duration. Another example of the ‘republic’ i... Free Essays on Federalist Papers Free Essays on Federalist Papers The Federalist Papers Alexander Hamilton wanted to help the ratification of the ‘new’ Constitution, in 1787, so he decided that he would write and publish articles in order to explain the concepts of this Constitution. James Madison and John Jay were two other contributors that Hamilton added to help defend the new Constitution by writing articles as well. Although they are not part of the Constitution or legal documents, The Federalists Papers gained much popularity in the midst of the ratification of the Constitution. However, the ratification occurred with a small influence from these arguments. These Papers have been very important in American history because of the vital and genuine explanation of the Constitution. The Publius, pseudonym for the writers, describes certain concepts that were considered very crucial to the government. These concepts consisted of human lives, interests, federalism, and separation of powers. The Federalist Papers are best interpreted and understood through a republican argument and republican guidelines than those of democracy or other conflicting views. What are the concepts of a republic or republican argument? The Federalist No. 39 goes on to define the concept of a republic as a â€Å"government which derives all its power directly or indirectly from the great body of people, and is administered by persons holding their offices during pleasure, for a limited period, or during good behavior.† This same paper goes on to say â€Å"it is sufficient for such a government that the persons administering it be appointed, either directly or indirectly, by the people; and that they hold their appointments by either of tenures just specified† (Madison No. 39). These are some of the specific arguments made by Madison in a republican mannerism. No. 39 also describes how many officials in the government are to be elected in a republics as well as their duration. Another example of the ‘republic’ i...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Informaton Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Informaton Systems - Essay Example This paper will present detailed analysis of two most popular business information systems. These systems are management information systems and decision support systems. According to (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005, p. 18), an information system collects, performs operations on collected data, stores, evaluates, and distributes information for a particular function. Similar to any other system, an information system consists of inputs (such as instructions and data) and outputs (reports, calculations) (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005, p. 18). And a decision support system (DSS) is an application or use of an information system that offers the users (management) with decision-oriented information when a decision-making state of affairs appears (Whitten, Bentley, & Dittman, 2000, p. 47). Below is a classical case of effectively implementation of DSS at Exxon Mobil Corporation, which took place long ago, (below case study) (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005, p. 550). This case outlines various key characteristics of a DSS. The risk investigation carried out first was based on the decision maker’s preliminary description of the circumstances, making use of a management science view. After that, the executive vice president, utilizing his knowledge, finding, and perception, thought that the model should be customized. The preliminary model, however mathematically accurate, was deficient. With a usual simulation system, an alteration to the computer program would have taken enough time; however the DSS offered a rapid analysis. Additionally, the DSS was elastic and approachable sufficient to facilitate managerial perception and finding to be included into the investigation (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005, p. 550): Exxon Mobil Corporation which is an oil and minerals organization located in Houston,